Design and Simulation of Hydrogen Production from Diesel Reforming for Fuel Cell Applications

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Mostafa Jafari 1
Majid khorshidian 2
Mazaher Rahimi Esboee 3
Vahid Kord Firouzjaei 2
Ali Vatani 4
1 Researcher, Institute of Liquefied Natural Gas (I-LNG), School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Researcher, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Northern Research Center for Science and Technology, Feridonkenar, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, Northern Research Center for Science and Technology, Feridonkenar, Iran
4 Full Professor, Institute of Liquefied Natural Gas (I-LNG), School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
20.1001.1/jgt.2024.2030854.1040
Abstract
Hydrogen production encounters significant challenges in transportation and storage, such as leakage, transit safety, and the need for efficient storage conditions. On-site production through diesel fuel reforming presents a promising solution due to diesel's affordability, availability, and ease of transport. However, sulfur and carbon monoxide in diesel must be removed to protect the catalysts involved in the process. This study designs a conceptual process for reforming sulfur-containing diesel to generate 300 kW of electricity in a fuel cell system using the Douglas method, which structures chemical process design into a decision hierarchy. It starts with the Input-Output Structure, summarizing the process by detailing input and output streams based on designated design variables. The Recycle Stream Structure further divides the process into reactor and separation sections, each incorporating defined recycling flows. Finally, the Overall Separation Section Structure integrates gas and liquid recycling systems, providing a comprehensive strategy for separation unit design. The process flow diagram (PFD) was initially developed and subsequently analyzed in detail through simulation using Aspen HYSYS software. The results indicate that producing 300 kW of electricity requires 17 kg/h of pure hydrogen, which necessitates 47 kg/h of sulfur-free diesel. Overall, 60 kg/h of diesel is needed. Future research should focus on optimizing sulfur removal, reducing carbon monoxide levels, enhancing the water-gas shift reaction, maximizing energy efficiency, and assessing economic viability, including ROI and payback period.

Keywords

Subjects

Article Title Persian

طراحی و شبیه‌سازی تولید هیدروژن از ریفرمینگ دیزل برای کاربردهای پیل سوختی

Authors Persian

مصطفی جعفری 1
مجید خورشیدیان 2
مظاهر رحیمی اسبوئی 3
وحید کرد فیروزجائی 2
علی وطنی 4
1 پژوهشگر، موسسه گاز طبیعی مایع (I-LNG)، دانشکده مهندسی شیمی، دانشکده فنی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
2 پژوهشگر، دانشگاه صنعتی مالک اشتر، پژوهشکده علوم و فناوری شمال، فریدونکنار، ایران
3 استادیار، دانشگاه صنعتی مالک اشتر، پژوهشکده علوم و فناوری شمال، فریدونکنار، ایران
4 استاد، موسسه گاز طبیعی مایع (I-LNG)، دانشکده مهندسی شیمی، دانشکده فنی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
Abstract Persian

تولید هیدروژن با چالش‌های قابل توجهی در حمل و نقل و ذخیره‌سازی مواجه است، مانند نشت، ایمنی در حین انتقال و نیاز به شرایط ذخیره‌سازی کارآمد. تولید در محل از طریق ریفرمینگ سوخت دیزل یک راه‌حل امیدوارکننده به شمار می‌رود به دلیل مقرون‌به‌صرفه بودن، دسترسی آسان و سهولت حمل و نقل دیزل. با این حال، گوگرد و مونوکسید کربن موجود در دیزل باید حذف شوند تا از کاتالیزورهای دخیل در این فرآیند محافظت شود. این مطالعه یک فرآیند مفهومی برای ریفرمینگ دیزل حاوی گوگرد به‌منظور تولید ۳۰۰ کیلووات برق در یک سیستم پیل سوختی را با استفاده از روش داگلاس طراحی می‌کند، که طراحی فرآیند شیمیایی را به یک سلسله مراتب تصمیم‌گیری سازماندهی می‌کند. این سلسله مراتب با ساختار ورودی-خروجی شروع می‌شود و فرآیند را با جزئیات دادن به جریان‌های ورودی و خروجی بر اساس متغیرهای طراحی تعیین شده خلاصه می‌کند. ساختار جریان بازیافتی فرآیند را به بخش‌های راکتور و جداسازی تقسیم می‌کند، که هر کدام جریان‌های بازیافتی تعریف شده‌ای را در برمی‌گیرند. در نهایت، ساختار کلی بخش جداسازی، سیستم‌های بازیافت گاز و مایع را ادغام می‌کند و یک استراتژی جامع برای طراحی واحدهای جداسازی ارائه می‌دهد. نمودار جریان فرآیند (PFD) ابتدا توسعه یافت و سپس از طریق شبیه‌سازی با استفاده از نرم‌افزار  Aspen HYSYS به‌دقت تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که تولید ۳۰۰ کیلووات برق به ۱۷ کیلوگرم در ساعت هیدروژن خالص نیاز دارد که مستلزم ۴۷ کیلوگرم در ساعت دیزل بدون گوگرد است. به‌طور کلی، ۶۰ کیلوگرم در ساعت دیزل مورد نیاز است. تحقیقات آینده باید بر بهینه‌سازی حذف گوگرد، کاهش سطح مونوکسید کربن، بهبود واکنش تغییر آب-گاز، به حداکثر رساندن بهره‌وری انرژی و ارزیابی قابلیت اقتصادی، از جمله بازگشت سرمایه و دوره بازپرداخت، متمرکز شود.

Keywords Persian

دیزل
ریفرمینگ
هیدروژن
سلول سوختی
برق
اسپن هایسیس
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Journal of Gas Technology
Volume 8, Issue 2 - Serial Number 11
February 2024
Pages 56-73